Exposure to the sun's ultraviolet rays, smoking and normal aging are factors that contribute to collagen degradation or loss.
Cartilage degradation refers to the breakdown and loss of cartilage caused by wear and tear. Osteoporosis is the most common joint disorder resulting from cartilage loss.
The biosynthetic pathway responsible for collagen production is a very complex one.
In chronic pressure ulcers, there is a massive invasion of neutrophils, and they release a very potent collagenase called MMP-8 that is responsible for connective tissue breakdown.
Myth of claim related to collagen hydrolysate and maintenance of joint health
Health claims
Manufacturers of collagen-based dietary supplements usually containing hydrolyzed collagen claim that their products can improve skin and fingernail quality as well as joint health.
You can also consume collagen via gelatin source. Gelatin is a derived protein formed by boiling collagen of animal tissues.
Rebuttals of the claim
Because proteins are broken down into amino acids before absorption, there is no reason for orally ingested collagen to affect connective tissue in the body, except through the effect of individual amino acid supplementation.
Both collagen and gelatin are a poor-quality sole source of protein since they do not contain all the essential amino acids in the proportions that the human body requires—they are not 'complete proteins' .
A research done by EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies has not shown strong evidence to support these claims.
Individuals with problems in these areas are more likely to be suffering from some other underlying condition (such as normal aging, dry skin, arthritis etc.) rather than just a protein deficiency.
